Combined internal-combustion and fluid-pressure engine.



WITNESSES H. STOCKS. COMBINED INTERNAL COMBUSTION AND FLUID PRESSUREENGINE;

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, 1910 1,01 1,520, Patented Dec.12,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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H. B. STOCKS. COMBINED NTBRNAL GOMBU$TIONAND FLUID PRESSURE ENGINE.

I APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 25, 1910. 1,01 1,520.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITHE.55E 5 mYElnT K Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

I i. i application filcd flovemberfl, 1910'. Serial No. 594,193.

Tolall whomait may comm:

\ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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Be it known'that IQ-HARRY BEN-WELL 'S'rooKs, a subject .of the King ofGreat Britain and-Ireland, residing .at- .Glenroy, 10.? Barlow Moorroad, ,Didsbury, Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, .engineer, have invented a new or Improved Combined Internal-.Gombustion andFluid- Pressure Engine, of which the following is -a'spec1 ficatio n. ginvention has for its objeetqthe utilization ofthe waste heat ofinternal combust on engineswhereby I not only use the exhaust gasesunder pressure to assist in doing useful work but also utilize suchexhaust gases for the purpose of raising pressure b evaporation of Wateror other suitable fiui I'n carrying my invention into effect I willparticularly describe its application tointernal combustion engines ofhigh speed and multiple cylinders but'its application can be made to enines of slow speed and one cylinder only i desirable, and the fluid pressure engine operated by the waste heat as herein described may becoupled direct to' the lnternal combustion engines or not.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the application of myinvention diagrammatically, Figure 1 is'a' sectional elevation,- andFig. 2 is a view at right angles to Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale,'showin section a modification.

In applying my invention to say a four,

- .cylinder internal combustion motor'as illustrated in Fig. '1,hereinafter described as a petrol motor but not restricting myself tothe-use of engines driven by petrol, I pro-g ceed as follows. Threecylinders q. of the petrol motor I retain but the cylmders I constructas hereinafter described. The

fourth cylinder 1) is a compressor cylinder coupled direct to the commoncrankshaft a by a connecting rod din the usual way and hereinaftercalled the compressor. Directly, over the compressor cylinder I mountthe fluid pressure-cylinder e, hereinafter called the steam cylinder.The piston e of the steam cylinder and the piston b of thecomrounding-the steam cylinder 6 and totally inclosing it is' a fluidpressure generator f hereinafter called the generator. exhaust valvesare provided for all cyl n Inlet and ders, petrol, compressor, andsteam, actu-- ated by cam shafts in the usual way, A

grooves Sur- Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

pump or pumps is or are'provided to circulate water or other fluidaround the petrol cylinders and for feeding the generator, said pumpsbeing operated by suitable means.

The construction of the petrol cylinders i's-preferably as follows. Aninternal cylin: der a is provided in which the piston a moves in theusual way, and formed on the outside of this cylinder in the thicknessof. the metal is a spiral groove "a of suitable shape. Outside thisinternal cylinder is fitted a shell a so that water pumped into thespiral groove aforesaid may pass around the whole surface of theinternal cylinder on its way to the enerator taking up as much heat aspossib e. The inlet and exhaust valve chambers pass through the outershell and are preferablywelded by oxy acetylene process or fixed byothensuitable means to the inner cylinder and outer shell to make vyatertight 3' oints the valve chambers being hollow that Water from thespiral ay circulate aro n m- The water or other fluid, but preferablywater, can be admitted to the spiral grooves of the three (or more orless) petrol cylin:

ders in series or parallel as may befound most desirable. If in seriesas shown in Fig; 1, water from the bottom of thereondenser g is pumpedalong the pipe htothe first, and after circulating around the cyl: inderas described enters the second through the pip e g and then through thepipe 9 to the third, and so onto the generator by the pipe 9 If inparallel cold water enters each cylinder at the same time, suitablebranch pipes conveying it from the pump or pumps and thence to thegenerator.

direction of the circulation is preferablyv from the bottom to the topof the cylinder or from thereof.

Inclosing the shell a of the petrol cylin ders a I may provide a,

suitable chamber which may be exhausted of air to prevent 100 ingtemperature is efiected by a rapid flow the coldest to the hottestportion j It will be seen by the foregoing description that the waterspace of the petrol cyl- 1915 inders a is restricted, and cooling toworkheated as hereineylinders a are conducted through passages y .mto asuitable-pipe or receptacle 6 which may be vacuum jacketed as mentionedabove.- This pipe conveys the hot gases of exhaust to theinlet valve orvalves is of the compressor cylinder 6 the bore and stroke of.

which will be correctly proportioned to take charge of the gasesdischarged by the three petrol cylinders. On the outward stroke of thecompressor piston b the cylinder b receives a charge of hot gases underpres sure through the valve is from the pipe 2'- such pressuredoing'useful work on the outward stroke. On the return stroke the pistonof the compressor cylinder forces the gases aforesaid into the generatorf before mentioned through the valves f and tubes f into actual contactwith the water contained in the generator and thereby raising steam, thepath of the gases through the water being made as tortuous as posslbleby baflie plates or the like so that all heat may surrounded by hoods f.ment of the outward stroke of the com be transmitted to the waterbefore the gases rise to the steam space. The tubes f are At thecommencepressor and steam pistons the valve m is arcoiled and fromranged to be opened and steam. from the generator is admitted throughthe port m to theback of the piston e doing useful work. On the returnstroke of the pistons the'valve n is opened allowing steam to exhaustpreferably first into a feed water heater n in which the feed water pipein is thence into circulation through the pipe h'from the condenser g,

which is cooled by a fan- 9. A light valve loaded air vent may beprovided for the condenser g. The steam cylinder is in'communic'ation"wi th the atmosphere through holes e to preventcompresslon infront of.

the piston e. v

The gases compressed by the compressor assist with the steam'to operatethe piston of the steam cylinder, and further serve to prevent thecondensation of the steam in the I As before described the" F steamcylinder'i's surrounded by the generator so' that heat losses bycondensation steam' cylinder.

may be minimized. The steam cylinder may be single or double'acting butpreferably single acting, as shown to simplify'valve gear. The valves m,'n, f, k may be actuated in any suitable manner such as by cams passesto the gencylinders will contain little consistent with the supplyrofsteam necesor by spring or. gravity loads. The gene'r ator bemg fed byhotyva'ter from the petrol water as is sary for the steam cylinder to douseful work.

' Means are provided to maintain a constant level of water within thegenerator. These,means are-indicated in Fig. 2 and consist of a .valveoclosed by a float 0 on the water level being attained, the valveopening when the water level falls to admit water by the pipe 9 When thelevel is attained the circulating water is discharged through a springloaded 'valve p set to the working pressure of steam so that boilingpoint. of water forthat pressure is con-,-

stantly maintained the water being discharged to' the condenser tankthrough the pipe p" when the valve 0 is closed.

The. generator may be covered by nonconducting material or be vacuumjacketed as before described in regard to the exhaust pipes and petrolcylinder shells. I may arrange for the steam exhausted from the cylindere to be expanded into another cylinder. A relief or safety valve may befitted to the generator.- When fitted to two stroke motors suitablevalve gear will be provided to operate the steam cylinder valves andsame can be made reversible.

A modification is shown in Fig. 2 inwhich the steam cylinder e isarranged to serve'also as a-compressor cylinder. on the upward stroke ofthe piston e the valve 9 is drawn ofl'sits seat by thesuction of thepiston and exhaust gases under pressure pass into the cylinder e. On thedown stroke, the valve m (not shown in this view) is opened to admitsteam from the generator behind the piston and the valve 1' is thrustoff its seat to admit the compressed gases -to the generator f. 0n theupstroke the exhaust valve n is opened to allow the exhaust steam topass to the feed water heater and the condenser as described withreference to Fig. 1. The valve '1 is actuated bya cam r on the sideshaft r actuating a plunger 1 which oscillates a pivoted lever r towhich is attached the rod 8 connected to the lever .9. actuating thevalve n. The piston rod e passes-through a packed gland'tand isconnected to a piston u workmg idly in a cylinder to which is coupled tothe crank shaft 0 and serves to guide and steady the piston e of thecylinder e. In this arrangement the cylinder eis not'open to atmosphereas in It must be understood that the arran e -ments shown are capable ofvarious'modifications so long as the spirit of my inventionisIpreserved. e p i declare that what I claim 1. In combination, aninternal combustion engine, a steam generator mto which water heated bythe cylinders of the internal combustion engine is pumped, a compressorto force exhaust gases from the engine into the steam generator, and asteam cylinderiin which steam from the steam generator is used,substantially as described.

2. The combination with one or more internal combustion enginecylinders, of a steam cylinder and a steam generator, means to heatwater by the engine cylinders and to force it from the cylinders to thesteam generator, and a compressor to force exhaust gases of the internalcombustion engine cylinders into the steam generator to raise the waterto steam, and means to conduct the steam to the steam cylinder,substantially as described.

3'. In combination, an internal combustion engine, a steam cylinder withsteam inlet and exhaust valves, a generator surrounding said steamcylinder, a piston within the steam cylinder acted upon by steam fromthe generator, and a compressor combined with the steam cylinder forforcing exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine within the steamgenerator, substantially as described.

' 4. In'combination, an internal combustion from thence to saidcondenser and again to the, internal combustion engine cylinders, acompressor to which the exhaust gases are conducted from the receiverand iorced thereby tothe generator to mingle with the water in the steamgenerator and'raise the water to steam, and means to conduct thev steamto the steam cylinder to act upon the pistonin the steam cylinder to douseful" work, and means to exhaust the steam thereafter .from the steamcylinder to the condenser, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY BENWELLI$TOGKS. Witnesses:

ALFRED STUART YATES, NORMAN KIERNAN.

